Autologous fat injection for female genital cosmetic based on the anatomy and aesthetics of the perineum / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the effect of autologous fat transplantation based on the fine anatomy of the female perineum and aesthetic standards.Methods:From June 2015 to September 2020, 25 female patients with perineal cosmetology requirements in the Department of Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, aged from 28 to 55 years, with an average of 33.7 years. 50-80 ml of the patient＇s autologous fat were collected and filled according to the perineal anatomy and aesthetic standards. Postoperative anti-inflammatory treatment was implemented and sexual life was forbidden for 2 weeks.Results:25 patients were satisfied with the filling effect immediately after operation. Follow-up for 7 days, 1, 3, and 6 months after operation, 20 of 21 cases underwent pudendal filling operation were very satisfied with the postoperative morphology, and 1 case was less satisfied. Among the 20 cases underwent vaginal filling and labia major filling, 17 cases were very satisfied with the postoperative morphology, 2 cases were satisfied after the operation, and 1 case was less satisfied. Of the 10 cases underwent vaginal and G-spot injection, 6 cases were satisfied after the operation. The morphology was very satisfactory, 2 cases were more satisfactory, and 2 cases were less satisfactory. According to a survey of 25 cases of postoperative sexual life satisfaction, 19 cases (76%) had a significant improvement in their conscious sexual life, 3 cases had a more obvious improvement, 1 case had less improvement, and 2 cases had no conscious improvement.Conclusions:The autologous fat injection based on the fine anatomy and aesthetics of the perineum can significantly improve the aesthetic appearance of the perineum.

Association between serum vitamin D level and immune imbalance in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To examine the relationship between serum vitamin D level and immune imbalance in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis. Methods A total of 120 advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis that were admitted to the Department of Schistosomiasis of The First Hospital of Jiaxing City from May 2016 to September 2018 were recruited as the observation group, and 50 healthy volunteers randomly sampled from the hospital during the same period served as the control group. The serum IgG antibody, IgA antibody, C3 complement, C4 complement, CD4+ cell proportion, CD8+ cell proportion, 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels were compared between the two groups. Liver fibrosis was classified into grade I, II and III according to the classification criteria of liver fibrosis by ultrasonography, and the serum IgG antibody, IgA antibody, C3 complement, C4 complement, CD4+ proportion, CD8+ proportion, 25(OH)D levels were compared among patients with grade I, II and III liver fibrosis. In addition, all patients were classified into the sufficient group, the insufficient group and the deficient group according to the serum vitamin D level, and the serum IgG antibody, IgA antibody, C3 complement, C4 complement, CD4+ proportion, CD8+ proportion, 25(OH)D levels were compared among these three groups. Moreover, the associations of the serum vitamin D level with these immune indicators were examined. Results The 120 advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis included 58 men and 62 women, and had a mean age of (72.00 ± 3.00) years. There were 32 cases with grade I liver fibrosis, 46 cases with grade II liver fibrosis, and 42 cases with grade III liver fibrosis. There were no significant differences between the observation group and the control group in terms of serum D-dimer, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), C3 complement or C4 complement levels (t = 2.467, 0.322, 0.790, -2.432 and -2.630, all P values > 0.05); however, there were significant differences seen in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood calcium, blood phosphorus, IgG antibody, IgA antibody, CD4+ proportion, CD8+ proportion, and 25(OH)D levels (t = 5.130, 6.382, -1.341, 2.361, 8.708, 11.783, -2.995, -6.543 and -3.022, all P values < 0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in AST, ALT, blood phosphorus, IgA antibody, C3 complement, CD8+ cell proportion and 25(OH)D levels among patients with grades I, II and III liver fibrosis (F = 19.704, 16.254, 62.669, 49.347, 5.430, 5.434 and 5.783, all P values < 0.05). There were significant differences in ALT, blood phosphorus, IgA antibody, CD8+ cell proportion and 25(OH)D levels between patients with grades I and III liver fibrosis (all P values < 0.05), and significant differences were seen between patients with grades II and III liver fibrosis in terms of blood phosphorus, IgA antibody and CD8+ cell proportion (all P values < 0.05), while there was a significant difference in the CD8+ cell proportion between patients with grades I and II liver fibrosis (P < 0.05). Moreover, there were significant differences among the sufficient, insufficient and deficient groups in terms of IgG antibody, IgA antibody, C3 complement, CD4+ cell proportion and CD8+ cell proportion (F = 13.303, 59.623, 8.698, 9.969 and 12.805, all P values < 0.05), and there was a significant difference in the CD8+ cell proportion between the insufficient and deficient groups (P < 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis revealed that serum 25(OH)D level were negatively associated with IgG and IgA antibody levels (r = -0.754 and -0.773, both P values < 0.05), and positively associated with C3 complement, CD4+ cell proportion and CD8+ cell proportion in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis (r = 0.827, 0.850 and 0.830, all P values < 0.05). Conclusion Immune imbalance occurs in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis, and serum vitamin D level may correlate with immune imbalance in advanced schistosomiasis patients with liver fibrosis.

Status analysis and management reflection of the development of pediatric young scientists / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:Through analysis of the development status of pediatric and the problems faced by pediatric young scientists, combined with the situation of research management, this paper puts forward some suggestions.Methods:Collect the identified problems of pediatric development, summarize the common ones and propose methodological strategies for scientific research management.Results:The development of pediatrics faces problems such as insufficient resources, unreasonable resource allocation and talents shortage.Conclusions:It is recommended to support the development of pediatric according to optimize the scientific research management model, establish a reasonable evaluation and incentive mechanism, establish a pediatric talent training model and team, improve the pediatric research level, and obtain policy support for salary, talent introduction and training, promotion of professional titles, research resources and so on.

Change of TK1 Expression Level in NHL Patients before and after Chemotherapy and Its Clinical Significance / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the change of TK1 expression level in patients with NHL and its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 108 NHL patients from July 2013 to January 2016 were chosen, all patients were treated with chemotherapy. The TK1 expression level and TK1 variation rate were compared among CR/PR/PD/DR patients. All patients were followed up, and the relation of TK1 level with OS/PFS was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment, the TK1 expression level of CR/PR/SD patients decreased significantly (P<0.05). Before treatment, the TK1 expression level of CR patients was 1.49±0.34,that after treatment was 0.45±0.17,the variation rate was (68.12±5.41)%; those of PR patients were respectively 2.89±0.58, 1.43±0.29 and (50.27±4.82)%; those of PD patients were respectively 3.98±0.78, 3.71±0.85 and (5.04±0.31)%; and those of SD patients were respectively 3.49±0.92, 2.45±0.57 and (28.65±3.97)%, the difference had statistic significance(P<0.05). After treatment, TK1 level related significantly with OS and PFS (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TK1 expression level has suggested implications for the evaluation of tumor loading, and treatment effect as well as prognosis of patients with NHL.</p>

Effects of autophagy on lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular hyper-permeability / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To investigate the effects of autophagy on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced vascular hyper-permeability. Methods ① In vitro: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were randomly divided into blank group, LPS group (5 mg/L LPS stimulation), autophagy inhibitor 6-amino-3-methyl purine (3-MA) + LPS group (5 mmol/L 3-MA pretreatment for 30 minutes + 5 mg/L LPS stimulation) and autophagy revulsive Rapamycin (RAP) + LPS group (10 nmol/L RAP pretreatment for 30 minutes + 5 mg/L LPS stimulation). After LPS simulation for 60 minutes in four groups, endothelial permeability was detected by trans-endothelial electrical resistance (TER) determination. The protein expressions of autophagy marker protein microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ) and autophagy related gene Beclin-1 were detected by Western Blot. Cell apoptosis was evaluated by using flow cytometry. Caspase-3 activity was detected by fluorometric assay kit. ② In vivo: 24 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to four groups according to random number table, with 6 rats in each group. The rats in control group received no treatment; rats in model group were tail intravenous injected 10 mg/kg of LPS. The rats in 3-MA pretreatment and RAP pretreatment groups were tail intravenous injected 10 mg/kg of 3-MA or 2 mg/kg of RAP pretreatment for 30 minutes before 10 mg/kg LPS injection. The extravasation of FITC-albumin in mesenteric post-capillary venules was observed by fluorescence microscope. Then the change in fluorescence intensity of FITC-albumin between the intravascular and extravascular space (ΔI) were measured to reflect vascular permeability. Results ① In vitro, compared with blank group, the LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein, Beclin-1 protein, caspase-3 activity and rate of cell apoptosis in LPS group were increased, and the TER was decreased. Compared with LPS group, the LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ, Beclin-1, caspase-3 activity and rate of cell apoptosis in 3-MA+LPS group were decreased, and the TER was increased [LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein: (288.2±33.3)% vs. (420.5±39.4)%, Beclin-1 protein: (185.3±26.4)% vs. (293.3±36.1)%, caspase-3 activity: (196.6±28.5)% vs. (339.5±25.4)%, rate of cell apoptosis: (9.50±0.99)% vs. (15.40±1.55)%, TER: 0.88±0.09 vs. 0.63±0.05, all P < 0.05]. Compared with LPS group, the LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ, Beclin-1, caspase-3 activity and rate of cell apoptosis in RAP+LPS group were further increased, and the TER was further decreased [LC3 Ⅱ/Ⅰ protein: (519.6±45.2)% vs. (420.5±39.4)%, Beclin-1 protein: (359.0±38.3)% vs. (293.3±36.1)%, caspase-3 activity: (449.1±31.0)% vs. (339.5±25.4)%, rate of cell apoptosis: (19.30±1.72)% vs. (15.40±1.55)%, TER: 0.54±0.05 vs. 0.63±0.05, all P < 0.05]. ② In vivo, the albumin extravasation and vascular permeability were increased in model group as compared with those of control group (ΔI: 0.54±0.07 vs. 0.13±0.03, P < 0.05). The albumin extravasation and vascular permeability were obviously decreased in 3-MA pretreatment group as compared with those of model group (ΔI: 0.25±0.05 vs. 0.54±0.07, P < 0.05). The albumin extravasation and vascular permeability were obviously increased in RAP pretreatment group as compared with those of model group (ΔI: 0.67±0.07 vs. 0.54±0.07, P < 0.05). Conclusions Inhibition of autophagy can reduce the LPS-induced vascular hyper-permeability, and enhanced autophagy can further increase vascular permeability. The mechanism of autophagy mediate vascular permeability may be related to the endothelial cells apoptosis.

Expression of recombinant human IFNa-2b/IgG4 Fc fusion protein in a baculovirus insect cell system / 中华肝脏病杂志

To investigate a baculovirus insect cell system for expressing an interferon alpha 2b (IFNa2b)/immunoglobulin G-4 (IgG4) Fc fusion protein, which has long-acting antiviral effects. Human IFNa2b and IgG4 Fc cDNAs were generated by molecular cloning and inserted into a baculovirus shuttle vector, which was then transposed into the DH10 Bac strain to form recombinant Bacmid-IFN/Fc. The Bacmid-IFN/Fc was transfected into High five insect cells, and expression of the IFN/Fc fusion protein was detected by Western blotting and its biological activity was assessed by the cytopathic effect inhibition method. The IFNa2b and IgG4 Fc cDNA fragments were successfully amplified by RT-PCR using human peripheral lymphocytes. After cloning into the baculovirus shuttle vector, pFastBac1, and transforming into DH10 Bac competent cells, screening identified positive clones carrying the recombinant Bacmid-IFN/Fc. A Bacmid-IFN/Fc clone was successfully transfected into the High five insect cells and packaged into the baculovirus for expression of the IFN/Fc fusion protein. Western blotting revealed that the fusion protein expression was specific, and yielded a protein of 45 kD in size. The in vitro antiviral activity of the IFN/Fc fusion protein was 580 IU/mL. A novel IFN/Fc fusion protein was successfully generated using a baculovirus insect cell system, which may prove useful for providing future experimental data for development of a new long-acting interferon to treat chronic viral hepatitis.

The analysis of hepatitis delta virus infective markers in the hepatitis is B virus infective people / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the distribution of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) marker among hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected patients and to reveal its clinical significance.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>To collect the clinical data and sera samples of HBV infected patients and to detect HDAg, Anti-HDV as well as HBV infection markers by means of enzyme-linked immunosorbnent assay. These data combined with clinical diagnostic results and biochemical index were then analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>462 samples of HBV infected patients were collected including 210 HBV carriers without symptom, 175 chronic HBV infections, 35 acute HBV infections and 42 liver fibrosis. The HDV infection rate was 4.8% overall. The highest infection rate of 9.5% was found in the group of liver fibrosis whereas the lower rate of 6.9% was found in HBV chronic carriers. HDV infection rate was 7.8% among the population of 40-60 years old, obviously higher than any other age groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HDV infection was significantly higher in the chronic HBV patients and liver fibrosis patients. Because HDV infection was highly associated with the progress of liver disease, we suggest the screen of HDV markers among hepatitis patients and discriminate whether the patient was co-infected with HDV.</p>

Influencing factors on culture of medicinal plants adventitious roots / 中国中药杂志

With the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine, medicinal plants resources cannot meet the request of Chinese medicine industry. Medicinal plants adventitious roots culture in a large scale is an important way to achieve Chinese medicine industrialization. However, how to establish good adventitious roots culture system is its key, such as plant hormones, explant, sucrose, innoculum and salt strength.

Cultivation of Panax ginseng adventitious roots in bubble bioreactors / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study cultivation of Panax ginseng adventitious roots in bubble bioreactors.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The adventitious roots were obtained through tissue culture different types of bioreactors. The contents of ginsenosides Re, Rb1 and Rg1 were determined by HPLC while the contents of polysaccharides were determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The results showed that of the three types tested, the most efficient bioreactor for cultivation of the ginseng adventitious roots was the cone-type bioreactors (with the 120 degrees ), in which, the growth curve of adventitious roots was S-shaped. The maximum biomass was obtained on the 40th day, with the fresh weight, dry weight and growth rate reaching the maximum, which were 113.15 g, 9.62 g and 63.13 times respectively, and the concomitant contents of polysaccharide and ginsenoside were 2.73% and 2.25 mg x g(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results showed that the most efficient bioreactor for cultivation of the ginseng adventitious roots was the cone-type bioreactors (with the 120 degrees). These results provide a theoretical reference for developing an efficient production process of active metabolites of ginseng in the scale-up cultivation.</p>

Study on tissue cultivation of adventitious roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To systematically optimize the cultivation conditions of adventitious roots of Pseudostellaria heterophylla.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Tissue cultivation technology and ultraviolet spectrophotometry were adopted to observe the effect of inoculum volume, sucrose concentration, inorganic salt concentration, number of cultivation days, gradual scale-up cultivation and bubble different angles of bioreactor on the growth of adventitious roots of P. heterophylla, and determine the content of constituents such as saponin, polysaccharide and amino acid.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The propagation multiple of adventitious roots reached the maximum when the inoculum was 6 g in a 1 L culture shake flask. With the increase in sucrose concentration, the dry weight propagation multiples of adventitious roots followed an up and down trend. The inorganic salt concentration in a cultivation dish had a greater effect on the growth of adventitious roots, particularly 3/4 MS was the most favorable for the growth of adventitious roots. The growth curve of P. heterophylla was "S", with the biomass reaching the maximum at the 28th day.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The inoculum volume, sucrose concentration, inorganic salt concentration, gradual scale-up cultivation and angles of bubble bioreactor had a significant effect on the growth of adventitious roots of P. heterophylla. The contents of saponin and amino acid in adventitious roots were higher than that in cultivated P. heterophylla, whereas the polysaccharide content were lower than that in cultivated P. heterophylla.</p>

Research progress in medicinal plant cell suspension culture / 中国中药杂志

China consumes and exports traditional Chinese medicinal resources the most in the world. However, we cannot anchor our hope on field production of traditional Chinese medicinal materials and their active ingredients, due to limited land resources. Therefore, the development of biotechnology is of great importance for China to solve the problem of traditional Chinese medicinal resources. Plant cell culture is an important approach for the sustainable development of precious medicinal resources. This essary summarizes the optimization of conditions for medicinal plant cell culture, the regulation of secondary metabolic pathways and cell bioreactor culture, and realizes that the authentic commercial production of more medicinal plants requires efforts from all aspects.

Repair of circular scar in the forearm by expanded double-pedicle omega-shaped flap at the rear flank of bottom-waist / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the method for repairing the circular scar in the forearm.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Large expander (400-600 ml) were implanted subcutaneously at the rear flank of bottom-waist in the way of overlapping or continued expansion. After expansion was completed, the horizontal opened omega-shaped flap was formed by advancement of expanded skin with the two pedicles at the two sides. Then the forearm was tunneled under flap with the wound covered by flap. The pedicles were cut off at the third stage.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From April 1998 to June 2009, 8 cases were treated with no flap necrosis. The patients were followed up for 1 to 3 years with good flap color and thickness. Flap sensory was partially recovered. Linear atrophic scar was left in the donor sites.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>It is feasible to repair forearm circular scar by expanded double-pedicle omega-shaped flap at the rear flank of bottom-waist.</p>

Reconstruction of skin defect at frontal hair line with mastoid fasciocutaneous island flap / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the reconstruction of skin defect at frontal and temporal hair line.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>5 cases with skin defect at frontal and temporal hair line were treated with mastoid fasciocutaneous island flap pedicled with parietal branch of superficial temporal artery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the flaps survived completely. Hair grew up 5 - 7 days after operation, showing good reconstructed hair line.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Mastoid fasciocutaneous island flap is a reliable method for reconstruction of skin defect at frontal and temporal hair line.</p>

Clinical application of sural neurocutaneous island flaps / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical application characteristics of sural neurocutaneous island flaps.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sural neurocutaneous island flaps were used to repair the skin defect accompanied bone and tendon exposure in the lower leg, around the ankle and foot in 21 cases, including 4 cases to repair the foreside of the foot back . Direct flap was used in 5 cases and reverse flap in 16 cases. Meanwhile the coverage and formation of sural nerve were surveyed together with the starting point of peroneal perforator.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the 21 sural flaps were survived, including sural nerve (18 cases) anastomose 12 cases, single trunk 4 cases, double trunk 2 cases. The anastomose site of medial sural cutaneous nerve and the communicating branch of lateral sural cutaneous nerve was at the point of 11 - 14 cm above the ankle in 12 cases. The lower was the anastomose site, the shorter was the sural nerve. The site is 4 - 7 cm above the ankle in 15 out of 18 sural nerve perforator branch cases, and the other 3 cases is 10, 11, 11.5 cm above the ankle respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sural neurocutaneous island flaps are easy to separate. Major arteries are not injured. It is the ideal flap to repair the skin defect accompanied by bone and tendon exposure in lower leg, around ankle and foot. The nerve must be anastomosed when repairing the heel.</p>

Cognitive Control Mechanisms based on Local Multiple Conflicts / 航天医学与医学工程

Objective To investigate the brain mechanism elicted by multiple conflict.Methods This study integrated different types of conflict,including Flanker,Stroop and Simon conflict,by using the event-related potential(ERP) technique.Results The behavioral data showed that there were the congruency effect and the conflict adaptation effect in all types of the conflict.ERP data showed that the congruency effects of P300,N450 and SP component were found in all types of conflict.Conclusion The conflict monitoring theory is still available for various types of conflict in multiple conflict conditions and the human brain uses local control mechanism to resolve the conflict.In addition,the human brain resolves the conflict based on the flexibility of cognitive control system driven by multiple conflict and the conflict-specific control mechanisms.These mechanisms are independent and free from any interference with each other.

The expanded cross-leg flap for repairing the soft tissue defects of the instep / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical application of the expanded cross-leg flap for repairing instep soft tissue defects with bone exposure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The expanded cross-leg flap was used to repair instep defects in 10 patients. After flap transferring the donor site was closed directly without skin grafting.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Satisfactory results were achieved in all the cases. The flaps survived well. The donor site had less scar and kept good appearance.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expanded cross-leg flap is a better choice for repairing the soft tissue defects of the instep. It is simple and easy with less trauma to the donor site. After the operation, both the recipient and the donor areas had good appearance.</p>